湛江市典型区域蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐污染评价

Evaluation of Nitrate and Nitrite Pollution of Vegetables in Typical Area of Zhanjiang

在湛江市典型区域采集了14个蔬菜品种的28个样品,分析了样品中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量,对其污染状况及食用安全性进行了评价。结果表明:叶菜类硝酸盐含量普遍较高,有8个样品超标,根茎类和瓜果类硝酸盐含量均没有超标,而所有样品亚硝酸盐含量均较低。根据WHO/FAO规定的硝酸盐日允许摄入量换算得到的标准进行评价,青瓜、莲藕、葫芦瓜、花菜、包菜等品种食用较为安全,而萝卜、瓢瓜和生菜、大白菜等蔬菜经盐渍或煮熟后也可放心食用;但菜心、芥菜、通心菜、小白菜和油麦菜等蔬菜属于严重污染,食用可能会对人体健康带来风险。

In order to evaluate pollution level of nitrate and nitrite in vegetables and their safety for eating, 28samples（ including 14 vegetable varieties） were collected from typical area of Zhanjiang, nitrate and nitrite in the samples were determined. The contents of nitrate in leaf vegetables were generally high, which of 8 samples were above the standards. The contents of nitrate in rootstalk vegetables and melon - fruit vegetables were below the standards. The contents of nitrite in all samples were very low. Eating safety of vegetables were evaluated with standards converted from the maximum daily nitrate intake threshold issued by WHO/FAO. The result showed green cucumber, lotus root, cucurbit, cauliflower and Cabbage were safe for eating. Salinized or cooked radish, dipper melon, lettuce, and celery cabbage could be eated safely. Chinese cabbage, leaf mustard, swamp cabbage, small cabbage and hulless oat are grave contaminated, they may lead to a little of healthy risk for human being if eated.