利用微卫星标记分析贵州白水牛与普通水牛的遗传多样性与亲缘关系

Genetic Diversity in Guizhou White Buffalo and Guizhou Buffalo Populations and Their Genetic Relationship Based on Microsatellite Analysis

利用11对微卫星引物对贵州白水牛和6个普通水牛群体的有效等位基因数、基因杂合度、多态信息含量和遗传距离进行了分析。结果表明,11个微卫星基因座在7个水牛群体中均存在多态性,可以用于水牛的遗传多样性评估。贵州白水牛和6个普通水牛群体的平均杂合度和平均多态信息含量分别为0·7450～0·7922和0·7021～0·7605。贵州白水牛和遵义普通水牛的亲缘关系最近,遗传距离为0·0910。由UPGMA聚类法得到的系统聚类图反映了贵州白水牛和6个普通水牛群体的亲缘关系远近程度,贵州白水牛没有单独聚为一类,而是与同分布区的遵义普通水牛首先聚类,然后依次与其余地区的普通水牛聚类。研究提出了贵州白水牛应是其产地的普通水牛群体中的一个突变群的见解,为开展贵州白水牛的遗传资源评估、保护与利用提供了分子水平的遗传学依据。

Effective number of alleles, mean heterozygosity, polymorphism information contents and genetic distance were studied in Guizhou White Buffalo and 6 Guizhou Buffalo populations using 11 micmsatellite markers. The results indicate that there are genetic polymorphisms at 11 micmsatellite locus in 7 buffalo populations. Eleven microsatellite markers can be used for genetic diversity evaluation in buffalo populations. The mean hetemzygosis and the mean size of polymorphism information contents are 0. 745 0 - 0.792 2 and 0.702 1 - 0.760 5, respectively. Genetic distance between Guizhou White Buffalo and Zunyi Buffalo is the closest （0.091 0）. The clustering dendrograph drawn by UPGMA can clearly reflect the geography distribution, the feature of genetic differentiation, and genetic relationships among Guizhou White Buffalo and 6 buffalo populations. Guizhou White Buffalo and Zunyi Buffalo are clustered first then clustered with other buffalo populations. This study indicates that Guizhou White Buffalo is a mutation population and also provides molecular genetic evidence for correct evaluation, conservation and development of Guizhou White Buffalo.