关于植物根系在土壤抗侵蚀和抗剪切中的作用研究进展

Research Advance on the Functions of Plant Root System in Soil Anti-erodibility and Anti-shear Strength

本文综合比较了不同种类土壤、不同植被和不同土层的土壤抗冲性的大小;根系通过改善土壤的理化性质来提高土壤的抗蚀性.活细根产生的分泌物和死根分解产物使土壤有机质含量增加,同时促进了土壤团聚体的形成,并且增加了土壤的孔隙度和渗透率;根系通过自身及根-土的相互作用来增强土壤的抗剪切能力.根系自身可以抵抗一定强度的拉力。大量的细根增加了土壤的接触面积,同时也增加了相互之间的摩擦力,乔木根系的主根和侧根在抗剪切中的作用也有所不同。

The soil anti - scourability of different soil and vegetation types and different soil layers were compared in this paper. Root system enhances the soil anti - erosion ability by improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The exudates of living fine roots and the decompositions of dead roots increase the soil organic matter content, accelerate the formation of soil aggregates, and increase the porosity and permeability of the soil. Root system intensifies soil anti - shear strength by the roots and the root - soil interaction. The root itself can resist the soil shear strength. A great amount of fine roots increases the contact area with the soil resulting in the increase of the friction between roots and soil. Taproots and lateral roots of trees have the different functions in enhancing the soil anti - shear strength.