5个不同灵芝种菌丝体多糖理化性质及免疫活性研究

A comparison study on the physical/chemical properties and immunomodulatory activities of mycelial polysaccharide extracts from five Ganoderma species

对灵芝属G.lucidum,G.tsugae,G.oerstedii,G.resinaceum,G.subamboinens5个不同种用同一条件进行了液体发酵培养、多糖提取、理化性质及免疫活性的分析。结果表明,5种灵芝的菌丝体多糖得率相差较大,以G.oerstedii最高,但各多糖提取物分子量分布相似,单糖组成均以葡萄糖为主,并含半乳糖、甘露糖、盐酸氨基葡萄糖、岩藻糖。5种多糖提取物均能显著增强小鼠巨噬细胞Raw264.7吞噬作用、释放NO,但以G.subamboinens菌丝体多糖提取物的活性最强。这些多糖提取物还均能促进小鼠脾细胞的增殖,并对ConA诱导的淋巴细胞增殖有抑制作用。研究表明灵芝属内其他3个物种的菌丝体多糖提取物理化特征与G.lucidum和G.tsugae接近,并同样具有免疫调节作用。

Five Ganoderma species, including G. lucidum, G. tsugae, G. oerstedii, G. resinaceum and G. subamboinens, were parallel studied under an identical condition. These species were cultivated using liquid fermentation and their mycelia polysaccharides were extracted and compared on the physical/chemical properties and in vitro immunomodulatory activities. These results showed that the polysaccharide yields varied markedly among different species, and G. oerstedii was the highest among the five. However, HPLC analysis showed all the polysaccharide extracts had similar molecular weight distributions and monosaccharide compositions. They all contained glucose, galactose, mannose,glucosamine hydrochloride and fucose. In vitro assays, these polysaccharide extracts significantly stimulated phagocytosis and nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line, and G. subamboinens exerted the strongest potency. When Con A was not or presented, they all showed an up-or-down immunomodulatory effect on mouse splenocyte proliferation. The results illustrate that in addition to G. lucidum and G. tsugae, which are the two mostly studied and applied species, other Ganoderma species can also produce polysaccharides with similar physical/chemical properties and with similar immunomodulatory activities.