实体瘤干细胞研究进展

Research development of cancer stem cells in solid tumor

新近的研究结果表明,肿瘤细胞在成瘤性方面存在不均一性。肿瘤中存在少量具有自我更新和高增殖能力的干细胞,它们在维持肿瘤生长中起决定性作用。该理论首先在血液系统肿瘤中取得突破,并在部分实体瘤如乳腺癌、脑肿瘤、前列腺肿瘤、肺癌、胰腺癌及部分细胞系中成功分离出了肿瘤干细胞。目前实体瘤干细胞的标志研究主要集中于CD133、CD44、CD117和CD34等CD分子。干细胞的识别将为肿瘤病理的认识及肿瘤治疗提供新的思路和方法。

In recent years, a growing body of evidence has been reported that tumor clone is organized as a hierarchy that originates from rare stem cells, which termed cancer stem cells. They possess extensive proliferative and self-renewal potential, and are responsible for maintaining the tumor clone. It was first identified in human acute myeloid leukemia. The existence of cancer stem cells was also proved in solid tumor later. Studies have shown that tumor cells from the breast, brain, lung, pancre as,prostate and cell line have stem cells. At present, the maker of cancer stem cells is mainly CD molecules, such as CD133, CD44, CD117, CD34. Identification of cancer stem cells will provide a powerful tool to investigate the tumorigenic process in cancer and to develop therapies targe ted to the cancer stem cells.