Cu^(2+)、Cd^(2+)和三苯基锡对小锥实螺(Galba pervia)的毒性作用

Toxic Effect of Copper,Cadmium,Triphenyltin on Galba Pervia

研究了铜(Cu2+)、镉(Cd2+)、三苯基锡(TPT)对小锥实螺(Galba pervia)的毒性作用。结果表明,Cu2+对小锥实螺的幼螺和成螺的24 h-LC50为1.36和5.14 mg.L-1,Cd2+对幼螺和成螺的24 h-LC50分别为0.56和7.46 mg.L-1,TPT对幼螺和成螺的24h-LC50为0.020和0.25 mg.L-1。Cu2+浓度为0.04、0.08 mg.L-1时,小锥实螺对Cu2+的BCF是781、656;TPT浓度为10、15、20μg.L-1时,小锥实螺对TPT的BCF是2 648、1 7881、377;Cd2+浓度为0.4、0.8、1.0、1.4 mg.L-1时,小锥实螺内脏的BCF是597、146、94、46,腹足的BCF是333、69、47、24,壳的BCF是427、87、63、24。随着Cu2+、Cd2+和TPT浓度的升高,孵化天数先变少后变多,孵化率逐渐下降。刚孵化出的幼螺的心率在74 bpm左右,但是生长1 d后,随着Cu2+、Cd2+、TPT浓度的升高,幼螺的心率下降很快,从74 bpm下降到30 bpm左右。

The toxic effect of Cu^2＋, Cd^2＋, Triphenyltin（TPT） on Galba pervia was studied. The results indicated that 24 h-LC50 of Cu^2＋ , Cd^2＋ and TPT to adult snails was 5.14 mg·L^-1, 7.464 mg · L^-1, 0.249 mg · L^-1, respectively. 24 h-LC50 of Cu^2＋, Cd^2＋ and TPT to neonatal snails was 1.36 mg·L^-1 , 0. 564 mg· L^-1 , 0. 020 mg · L^-1 , respectively. BCF of Galba pervia to Cu^2＋ at 0.04 and 0.08 mg · L^-1 was 781 and 656, respectively! to TPT at 10, 15 and 20 μg· L^-1 was 2 648, 1 788, 1 377, respectively. 7d-BCF of viscera, foot, shell to Cd^2＋ at 0.4, 0. 8, 1.0, 1.4 mg· L^-1 was 597,146,94, 46 ;333,69,47,24 ;427,87,63,24, respectively. With increasing concentration of Cu^2＋ , Cd^2＋ and TPT, hatching time became shorter at first and then it became longer and hatching rate became lower. The heartbeat of fresh snails was about 74 bpm and the heartbeat dropped to 30 bpm after one day.