煤沥青粉填充氯醋/聚氨酯复合材料的研究

Study on a new type composite material of P (VC-co-VAC) /PU filled with coal-tar pitch

以煤沥青粉为填充剂，与氯醋／聚氨酯预聚体进行常温溶液共混，合成煤沥青粉填充的氯醋／聚氨酯复合材料．研究了不同软化点的煤沥青粉、煤沥青粉平均粒径和质量含量对复合材料力学性能、电性能的影响．通过扫描电镜（SEM）、热失重（TG）测试手段，分析了煤沥青粉的微观颗粒形态对氯醋树脂／聚氨酯复合材料的作用机理，讨论了复合材料的热稳定性．结果表明：质量含量为10％～15％的高温煤沥青粉可明显提高复合材料的力学、电绝缘性能；煤沥青粉粒径愈小，力学性能愈高；在煤沥青粒径为125μm时，电绝缘性最佳；该复合材料初始分解温度为190℃，终止温度约在610℃，具有良好的热稳定性；煤沥青粉的加入同时可起到黑色着色剂与光屏蔽作用．

A coal-tar pitch/ poly （vinyl chloride-co-vinyl acetate, VC-co-VAC ） /polyurethane （PU） composite was obtained by adding coal-tar pitch as filling agent to P （VC-co-VAC） /PU prepolymer. The influences of the kinds, amounts and particle sizes of coal-tar pitch on mechanical and dielectric properties of the composites were studied. Thermal stability was investigated with thermogravity technique （TG） under air. Using scanning electronic microscope （ SEM）, the granule pattern of coal-tar pitch was obtained and the machanism was discussed. The results show that when weight content of high temperature coal-tar pitch is 10% - 15% can greatly improve mechanical properties of composites, and the smaller the coal-tar pitch particle size, the better the mechanical properties is. When coal-tar pitch partical size is 125 μm, dielectric properties is best. The initial decomposition temperature of composite is 190 ℃ and the termination temperature of composite is 610 ℃. The addition of coal-tar pitch has no effect on the thermal stability of composites, and coal-tar pitch also has ultra-violet light screening action.