清代民间异姓继承问题研究

STUDY ON ADOPTING HEIRS WITH DIFFERENT SURNAMES IN FOLK SOCIETY IN THE QING DYNASTY

儒家理论反对异姓继承,清代国家法律同样禁止异姓继承的发生,但在清代,民间的实践中存在着大量的异姓继承的情况,且其形式多样,原因则异常复杂,这里有社会生活压力的问题,有旁系血缘关系因素的影响,还有家族内部矛盾的刺激,等等。而且,清代的诸多异姓继承的发生在相当多的情况下得到信奉儒家思想的地方官员的暗许和支持,从侧面反映了国家法律的执行和实际司法指导的出入。

Confucianism opposed adopting heirs with different surnames, the law forbidden adopting heirs with different surnames too in the Qing Dynasty. But in the Qing Dynasty, a lot of adopting heirs with different surnames had happened, and its form were various. Reasons leading adopting heirs with different surnames were very complicated, including social and living press and kin factor and internal conflict of kin, etc. And that, the magistrates embracing Confucianism held out adopting heirs with different surnames under some conditions, it reflected that some discrepancy existed in national laws executing and actual judicature guidance.