髋臼后壁厚度的解剖学测量及其意义

The thickness of posterior wall of acetabulum:Anatomic measurement and significance

目的:研究正常成人髋臼后壁的解剖厚度,为后壁后柱骨折的解剖重建提供依据。方法:解剖男女各8例成人新鲜冷冻尸体骨盆标本,对髋臼后壁后柱采用"4-6"分割法,分别测量不同分割点后壁厚度以及后柱壁宽度、髋臼直径和深度。结果:根据"4-6"分割法,髋臼后壁两侧厚度较中间高,中点厚度最低。髋臼后壁外1/4分割线厚度为:男(12.78±1.87～8.25±1.14)mm,女(11.90±0.61～7.99±1.01)mm;1/2分割线厚度为:男(25.15±3.40～19.03±3.22)mm,女(24.24±1.12～19.00±2.40)mm;内1/4分割线上下各两个钉道不入关节,中间3点厚度为:男(30.66±2.24～29.87±1.94)mm,女(30.13±2.09～29.72±3.63)mm。结论:根据"4-6"分割法便于估计髋臼后壁不同进针点的厚度,对于后柱壁骨折重建术中避免内固定物进入关节有重要指导意义。

Objective：To investigate the thickness of posterior wall of adult acetabulum, and provide data for the reconstruction of posterior wall and column tincture of acetabulum. Mothods： 16 fresh-freezing pelvises （8 males and 8 females） were dissected. Posterior walls and columns were marked with ＂4-6＂ sector method and drilled vertically at intersection. The thickness of posterior wall was measured with digital sliding caliper, so were the width of posterior wall, the diameter and depth of acetabulum. Results. By ＂4-6＂ sector method, the thickness of two sides was more than the middle of posterior wall. The thickness of outer quadrant was about （12.78±1.87~8.25±1.14） mm in males and （11.90±0.61~7.99±1.01） mm in females. It was （25.15±3.40~ 19.03 ±3.22） mm in males and （24.24 ±1.12 ~ 19.00 ±2.40 ） mm in females at half intersections. At inner quadrant, four intersections at the side did not violate the hip joint. The thickness of three middle intersections were （30.66±2.24~29.87±1.94） mm in males and （30.13±2.09~29.72±3.63） mm in females. Conclusions： According to ＂4-6＂ sector method,it is easy to estimate the thickness of different point of posterior wall and prevent internal fixation from violating the joint for the reconstruction of acetabular fracture.