中水微灌系统生物堵塞特性探讨

Discussion on the Biological Clogging of Micro-irrigation System Using Reclaimed Water

使用中水微灌作为缓解农业水资源危机的一种灌溉方式,可以将污水灌溉对环境和农作物造成的污染减轻到最小,但中水微灌溉将会加大灌溉系统堵塞的可能性。通过对造成中水微灌系统生物堵塞的水质、堵塞原因及堵塞的严重程度的分析认为,中水中的有机污染物和微生物会造成微灌系统的堵塞,但中水中的无机颗粒是造成灌水器堵塞的首要原因。微灌系统的堵塞取决于污水的处理工艺及中水水质标准,其中主要与灌溉水的pH值,TSS和BOD5等参数有关,这3个水质参数可以用来对微灌系统的堵塞的危险性进行评估。对于微灌系统堵塞问题,可以通过改善水质,合理配置过滤设备及使用大流量灌水器和具有自冲洗功能的灌水器等方法来解决。

Using the reclaimed water in micro-irrigation can not only save water for irrigation, but also lighten the pollution due to reuse of wastewater to irrigate directly for crops and the environment. However, the clogging possibility of the micro-irrigation system probably be increased in a way. The paper analyzes the water quality of the reclaimed water, the reason of the biological clogging of emitter, and the extent of the biological clogging of the micro-irrigation system. It is found that the organic contaminants and the microorganism in the reclaimed water cause the micro-irrigation system clogging, while the inorganic grain in the reclaimed water induces the emitter jamming. The clogging is related to the process of wastewater treatment and the reclaimed water quality, and the primary factors are pH, TSS, BOD5, which can be used to estimate the clogging risk of the micro irrigation system. The clogging problem of the micro-irrigation can be solved through improving water quality, reasonably selecting the filter, and using self-flushing emitter.