冠心病患者健康信念与健康行为的相关性研究

Correlationship between Health Belief and Health Behavior in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

目的探讨冠心病患者的健康信念与健康行为的关系。方法用方便抽样的方法,调查了广州市3所三甲医院的103名冠心病患者,并以105名正常人作为对照。采用问卷调查法,用健康促进生活方式量表和冠心病健康信念问卷分别调查了研究对象的健康行为和健康信念,并使用SPSS11.0软件包进行统计分析。结果冠心病患者的健康信念总分与健康行为中健康责任和营养两个维度呈正相关(P<0.05);健康信念中维护健康动机与健康行为总分及其各维度均呈正相关(P<0.05);知觉到严重度与健康行为中运动和锻炼、自我实现两个维度呈负相关(P<0.05);知觉到益处与健康行为总分及其自我实现、压力应对和营养三个维度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者的健康信念可影响其健康行为,对维护其健康的愿望越强烈,就越有利于其健康行为的建立;越能意识到冠心病的严重性,就越能采取运动和锻炼、自我实现等健康行为;越能意识到采取健康行为所能带来的益处,就越能采取自我实现、正确积极地应对压力及合理的饮食等健康行为。

Objective To explore the relationship between the health belief and health behavior of patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 103 patients were chosen for this study from 3 hospitals in Guangzhou by convenient sampling. A series of questionnaires, including Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ and Health Belief Questionnaire for patients with CHD, were used to survey the patients,and 105 healthy people were taken as control. The data were analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software. Results The health belief of patients with CHD was positively related to health responsibility and nutrition（ P 〈0.05）;health motivation was positively related to general health behavior and all its domains（ P 〈0.05）;perceived seriousness domain of health belief was negatively related to physical activity and spiritual growth domains of health behavior（ P〈0.05）;perceived benefit domain of health belief was positively related to the level of general health behavior and its 3 domains, spiritual growth, stress management behaviors and nutrition（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion CHD patient＇s health belief is related to his health behavior. The stronger the desires of CHD patients to keep healthy, the better the health behavior of them. When patients perceived more seriousness of CHD, they can have better physical activities and achieve better spiritual growth. The more benefit of health behavior that CHD patients perceived, the better spiritual growth, stress management and nutrition behaviors they can achieve.