广东博罗县2001～2006年狂犬病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of rabies in Boluo County from 2001 to 2006

目的 探讨博罗县狂犬痛流行特点和发病因素,进一步做好狂犬病防治工作.方法 收集2001～2006年6年来狂犬病疫情监测资料,采用流行病学分析方法,分析病例的分布、被伤情况及防治情况等.结果 2001～2006年,全县共报告病例41例.病例主要分布在博罗县西部一带,男性发病占75.6%,12岁以下儿童占31.7%,发病者主要为农民和农村儿童,季节性分布不明显,发病者以Ⅲ度咬伤占了较大部分,绝大部分发病者受伤后对伤口未作规范有效的消毒处理,其中37人未进行狂犬疫苗注射,所有人均未进行抗狂犬病免疫血清或免疫球蛋白注射.结论 养犬数增加,犬的免疫接种率低,狂犬病防治知识在农村地区宣传不深入,伤后处理不及时、不规范,疫苗质量及管理把关不严等是博罗县狂犬病发病率回升的主要原因.因此,加大以上各方面的管理是防制狂犬病的有效措施.

Objectlve To explore the prevalent features of rabies in Boluo County and analyze rdavant factors. Methods The data concerning rabies in 2001 - 2006 were collected and analyzed. Results There were 41 rabies cases were reported in Bolno County in 2001 ～ 2006 and 75.6% of them were male cases, 31.7% were the children under 12 year old. Most of the cases of peasants and children in village. There was no apparent seasonal distribution. The wound of the cases were not adequately sterilized and 37 of them without vaccination with rabies vaccine. No one of the cases were given immunoglobulin. Condusion The main causes resulting in the rise of rabies incidence in Boluo County are increase of dog number raised, low vaccination rate of dogs, poor rabies prevention knwledge, inadequate treatment of the wounds, improper management of use of rabies vaccine. Thus effective measure be taken.