应用遥感技术研究贵州春季蒸散发空间分异规律

The Research on the Spring Evapotranspiration of Karst Area in Guizhou Province

蒸散发量的估算对于灌溉策略、蓄水流失、水分平衡计算、径流预测和气象气候研究等都是不可缺少的因素。遥感（RS）和地理信息技术（GIS）的发展实现了蒸散发量的空间分布估算。利用1 km分辨率的MODIS影像数据反演的下垫面参数（如地表温度、反照率等）数据、日值的气象数据的空间插值结果数据及高程数据等基础信息数据,以贵州省典型喀斯特环境为研究区域,利用Penman-monteith蒸散发模型,在面的尺度上估算了连续两个月的日值蒸散发量,定量的描述蒸散发量的转化过程。通过蒸散发与相关因子的相关性分析,总结出贵州省影响蒸散发量时间动态、空间分布变化的主要影响因子和限制因子,进一步探索典型喀斯特生态环境的贵州省蒸散发量的变化规律。

The evapotranspiration estimation is very important to the irrigation policy, the water loss, water equilibrium and so on. Using the remote sensing （RS） and GIS technology, and integrating the remote sensing data （MODIS）, climate data and radiation observing data, the paper estimates the two-month evapotranspiration in spring in Guizhou province by Penmanmonteith model. The paper also inversions each factor （for example, the vegetation index, the surface temperature, the albedo and so on） that the model needs using Remote Sensing techniques, and applies the model to the facial scale of Guizhou Province. In the facial scale, the paper modulates the evapotranspiration conversion of motion of Guizhou Province and reveals the evapotranspiration variation quantitatively. The correlations between evapotranspiration and climatic factors are also studied.