退耕宜林区仁用杏林地土壤贮水特性分析

Analysis on Soil Water Retaining Properties of Almond-apricot Forest in Returning Farmland to Forest Area

通过对平凉市退耕宜林区仁用杏林地、荒坡草地和农耕地三个地类土壤的孔隙分布及贮水特征等对照分析表明,仁用杏林地及荒草地土壤的蓄水容量较农耕地高,分别为农耕地的1.3和1.07倍,两者有效蓄水容量分别为农耕地的1.47和1.09倍;非毛管平均孔隙度为仁用杏林地（11.17%）〉农耕地（10.99%）〉荒草地（10.92%）;仁用杏林地土壤水分的贮存能力最强,大于农耕地和荒草地,表明仁用杏在提高退耕地土壤入渗能力、减轻地表径流方面具有良好作用;仁用杏林地土壤水分的垂直变化梯度较大,从0～60cm土层含水量的11.6%骤减为60～100 cm的9.7%,上下土层的贮水量61 mm/40 cm和94 mm/60 cm,下层土壤湿度明显小于上层。

Through the comparison of soil pore distribution and water retaining properties of almond-apricot forest, grassland and farmland in Pingliang, the result shows that the soil water storing capacity of almond-apricot forest and grassland is 1.3 times and 1.07 times than that of farmland, the effective soil water storing capacity of both is 1.47 times and 1.09 times than that of farmland; Non-capillary porosity： almond-apricot （11.17%）〉farmland （10.99%）〉grassland（10. 92%）; The soil water storing capacity of almond-apricot forest is the strongest, which indicates that the almond apricot forest has good effect in increasing soil infiltration capacity and reducing surface runoff; the soil water of almond-apricot is varied vertically, from 11.6% in 0-60 cm soil layer to 9.7% in 60-100 cm soil layer. The soil water storing capacity of upper and deep soil layer is 61 mm/40cm and 94 mm/60 cm, the deep soil moisture is smaller than that of upper soil.