大瑶山自然保护区森林涵养水源效益研究

Study on Water Conservation Benefit of Forest in Dayaoshan Natural Reseve

根据保护区森林植被及土壤的垂直分布状况,按不同海拔高度设置了21个标准地,分别对乔木层、灌木层、草本层的主要种类、高度及盖度进行了调查,对枯枝落叶层和土壤层进行了调查取样,并运用广西境内相似森林植被类型的研究资料对该区林冠及林下灌草截留进行了估测。结果表明：该区森林冠层年均截留量为4 845×10^4m^3;林下灌草层年均截留量为669×10^4m^3;林地枯枝落叶层年均吸水量为3 896×10^4m^3;林地土壤层年均贮水量为17 975×10^4m^3。以上森林植被四个水文层次的年总贮水量为27 385×10^4m^3,按目前修建小型水库1.3元/m3计,折合人民币为35 600×10^4元。调查统计充分说明,大瑶山自然保护区森林植被涵养水源功能及生态经济效益极为显著,对维护和保障周边地区的生态安全与可持续发展都起着非常重要的作用。

21 pieces of sample plot were designed according to the vertical distribution states of the forest vegetation and soil types in nature Reserve of Guangxi. Investigate ascertainment the main kinds, height and coverage of the trees, shrub and herb, and to take a sample of the litter and soil. Use Guangxi similar vegetation type research materials to estimate the layercanopy and the shrub and grass layer. The results show that the forest layers-canopy could intercept precipitation water 4 845 ×10^4m^3 every year;the shrub and grass layers could intercept precipitation water 669 ×10^4m^3 every year;litter could conserve water 3 896×10^4m^3 every year; forest soil layer could conserve water 17 975 ×10^4m^3 every year. The total water conserved from the four layers is 27 385×10^4m^3 , according to the 1.3yuan/ m^3 present standard of small-scale reservoir building of national Ministry, it can convert to be 35 600×10^4 yuan RMB. The results showed that the functions of water conservation of forest vegetation, ecological and economic benefits of Dayaoshan Natural Reserve are extremely prominent, Dayaoshan Natural Reserve plays a very important role in safeguarding and ensuring the ecological security and the sustainability development of surrounding area.