枣庄市水环境生态安全评价

Ecological Security Assessment of the Water Environment in Zaozhuang City

基于枣庄市水环境现状,按照“状态—压力—响应”模型要求,建立了枣庄市水环境生态安全评价指标体系。并采用综合指数法对枣庄市水环境生态安全水平进行了评价,通过确定评价标准进行综合指数分级处理,与五个水环境生态安全等级进行关联,分别对应重警、中警、预警、较安全和安全状态。在时间上以1999年～2005年的数据为依据,进行枣庄市水环境生态安全的年际演变分析。研究结果表明：1999年～2005年枣庄市水环境生态安全评价综合值总体趋势下降,水环境生态安全已经进入预警状态;状态评价值逐年下降,表明枣庄市水环境生态系统持续受损,水环境压力特别是农业面源污染逐年增加是枣庄市水环境生态安全综合评价值下降趋势的重要原因。

The article established the ecological security assessment index system of water environment in Zaozhuang City, which was based on the ＂state-pressure-response＂ index system and the situation of water environment in Zaozhuang city. The assessment adopted the standardization for all the index data and used variant coefficient method to get the weight of every index. The final result was divided into five grades, which corresponded to serious alarm, secondary alarm, early alarm, almost safety and safety. The article made temporal analysis to indicate the development trend of the ecological security of water environment in Zaozhuang city by the data from 1999 to 2005. The results show： 1） At present, there are three main problems in water environment in Zaozhuang city, such as the badly polluted rivers, deficient local water resource, great pressure from economy development. 2） From 1999 to 2005, the assessment value declined year after year and the assessment value of state index kept falling. These indicated that the eco-system of water environment in Zaozhuang city was in early alarm grade and being damaged continuously. 3） The drop was mainly brought out by the pressure of water environment, which was especially caused by the country non-point source pollution in Zaozhuang city.