谁是历史的撰写者——《国朝柔远记》撰写真相与清代幕府代撰问题

Who is the Author of History——The Question of Copyright about the Test about Civilization of Qing Dynasty

《国朝柔远记》在中外交通史上是一部影响深远的重要著作。关于其编订情况,百多年来学界皆认定为湖南王之春所独撰。笔者在整理广西诗人潘乃光的诗集时,发现潜居王之春幕府三十余年的潘乃光才是实际的撰写者。他为王代撰而无力捍卫自己的著作权乃在于其入幕寄食的地位使然。这种幕府代撰者被剥夺著作权的现象,在清代幕府体制中,已成为一个普遍的历史事实。

The Test about civilization of Qing Dynasty, generally recognized as written by Wang Zhichun in the academia, is an important works in the history of traffic of China and foreign countries. However, many evidences demonstrated that Pan Naiguang, who was hired as commission official assistant by Wang Zhichun, is the really author of the works. The reason why he can＇t defend his copyright lies in the fact that, as a commission office assistant, he has to rely on Wang for his existence, The deprivation of authorship is very common in the commission official system of Qing Dynasty.