恶心呕吐及其神经化学机制的研究

Study Progress of Nausea and Vomiting and Their Mechanism

恶心是一种内脏不舒适的感觉,最终以呕吐达到高潮,即胃肠道内容物经口腔排出。呕吐是一个复杂过程,它是涉及外周与中枢神经系统的一种保护性反射。目前认为背侧迷走复合体是运动病与化学药物等诱发恶心、呕吐的主要作用区域。引起恶心和呕吐的因素很多,已知有多种神经递质和受体参与其中。本文综述了近年来对恶心、呕吐神经化学机制的研究进展。

Nausea is an uncomfortable sense of internal organs which reaches its climax by vomitting, that is the elimination of the gastrointestinal contents through the mouth. Vomit is a complicated precess,which is a protective reflex involving peripheral and central nervous system. Nowadays the dorsal vagal complex（DVC） is considered as the main center area, where motiansickness and chemical drugs can provoke narsea and vomit. More and more researchs showed that many neurotransmitters and receptors have important effect on the occurrence of nausea and vomit, which may be caused by various factors. This article reviews study progress of nausea and vomitting and their neurochemistry mechenism.