0～16岁城乡儿童骨骼矿物质含量及影响因素的研究

Bone Mineral Content and its Influence Factors of Children Aged 0～16 in a City and Village

使用单光子骨矿物测定仪，自１９９４年初到１９９５年底，分别在河南省扶沟县和新乡市测定了３３２名健康的０～１６岁城乡儿童右前臂１／３处桡骨和尺骨的骨矿物质含量（ＢＭＣ），采用逐步多元回归分析了多个独立变量对桡骨ＢＭＣ和测量部位骨宽度的影响。结果显示：桡骨和尺骨的ＢＭＣ、骨宽度（ＢＷ）、ＢＭＣ／ＢＷ和前臂长度均随年龄而增加，０～６岁城市儿童的ＢＭＣ高于农村儿童；桡骨ＢＭＣ与所测量部位的ＢＷ呈正相关，年龄、体重和身高对桡骨ＢＭＣ都显示出显著和独立的正影响；儿童的桡骨ＢＭＣ与年龄呈显著正相关；而桡骨ＢＭＣ与体重的比值与年龄呈显著负相关；测定部位桡骨ＢＷ和前臂长度随年龄的增加呈曲线增加。在以身高和体重调整后，性别、年龄和体重对桡骨ＢＷ的影响变得不显著，只有身高的影响显著。本研究证明儿童在０～１６岁范围，身高（而不是肥胖）是骨骼ＢＭＣ的主要决定因素。在比较儿童骨密度结果时，要参考多个变量，如ＢＭＣ、骨密度，ＢＭＣ／体重、ＢＭＣ／年龄等综合评价指标更有说明力。

The radial and ulnar bone mineral content (BMC) was measured by single photon absorptiometry,and the effects of multiple independent variables on BMC and bone width(BW) were explored using multiple regression analysis in 332 rural and city children aged 0～16 years in Henan province from 1994 to 1995.BMC,BW,BMC/BW and forearm length increased with age increasing,and the BMC in city children aged 0～6 years was higher than that in rural children.Radial BMC was positively related to BW in the measured sites.Age,body weight and height (or length) all had significantly positive and independent effects on radial BMC in both groups.The positive correlation of radial BMC with age was observed,however,the ratio of radial BMC to body weight was negative correlation.The BW in measured site and forearm length increased with ages.After adjusted for body size,there were no significant effects of sex,age and body weight on radial BW except height (length).This study shows that overall body size rather than adiposity is the important factor for bone BMC,so that it is needed to consider several variables,for example,BMC,BMD,BMC/body weight and BMC/age.