基于LabVIEW开发平台的磨削加工声发射监测系统研究

Research on the Acoustic Emission Monitoring System of Grinding Process Based on LabVIEW

磨削加工在线监测可降低磨削过程中工件碰撞及工件、砂轮破碎、影响磨削质量等损失,避免各种安全事故的发生,也可确定砂轮修整与更换的最佳时机,从而提高砂轮使用寿命和磨削质量。传统方法是利用功率、力、扭矩、振动、加速度等技术来监测磨削过程,但它们在灵敏度、响应速度等方面都存在着一定的局限,而利用声发射(Acoustic Emission,简称AE)技术监测磨削过程能够较好地解决上述问题。本文对磨削加工过程中产生声发射现象的机理进行了分析,利用虚拟仪器技术与声发射技术构建了基于虚拟仪器的磨削加工过程声发射监测系统,并进行了试验。试验表明,不同工况下,声发射信号随着主轴转速的提高、AE传感器安装位置与磨削区距离的缩小、磨削深度的增大以及砂轮与工件之间距离缩小而变得更加剧烈。

Using on-line monitoring during the grinding process,the hazard case such as the crushing of grinding wheel and some other accidents can be avoided,and the opti- mum time for dressing and replacing grinding wheel can also be determined,and hence,the life of the grinding wheel can be prolonged and grinding quality can be improved.To over- come the limitations of some traditional techniques in which some parameters including the grinding power and force, torque and so on are monitored,the Acoustic Emission(AE) technique,which provides high sensitivity and responding speed,are developed in the present paper.The mechanism of AE during grinding processing is reviewed.Moreover,a vir- tual AE monitoring system,which can monitor the grinding state under different working conditions during the grinding process,has been developed based on the Virtual Instruments technique.Some experiments were also performed on the in- ternal grinder.The results show that the AE signals become stronger with increasing the rotation speed of the principal axis and grinding deepness or decreasing the distance be- tween the AE sensor and grinding region.