论崇高在审美教育中的地位

On Position of Sublime in Aesthetic Education

在审美教育中,崇高和美是两个不同的范畴。崇高是人类对自己生存境域的心灵超越。因此,它在人类的美育中必然发挥着重要的作用。在席勒和蔡元培的美育思想中,崇高、美和人的自由与完善结合在一起。没有美,人的感性冲动和理性冲动就会不断地冲突;没有崇高,美就会使人沉溺于感性之中而忘记自己的尊严。美只有联合崇高,审美教育才成为一个整体。崇高使人走向最终的自由和完善,标志着审美教育的最终完成,所以它在审美教育中处于最高的地位。在享乐主义横行的时代,美育不应再仅仅强调纯粹的"美"育,而应该充分重视崇高在美育中的作用。

In aesthetic education, beauty and sublime fall into the different category. Sublime are human being＇s mind transcending over existence environment. So it should play an important role in human being＇s aesthetic education . In Schiller and CAI Yuanpei＇s point of view of aesthetic education, sublime and beauty are deeply tied with human being＇s freedom and perfection. Without beauty, there will be a constantly conflict between sense impulse and rational impulse, and without sublime, human being will be indulged in sensibility and forget its dignity. Aesthetic education will become complete only when beauty and sublime are united together. It is sublime that makes human being gets its ultimate freedom and perfection and bring aesthetic education to its ultimate completion. So, it plays a mostly important role in human being＇s aesthetic education. In our time, peoples are devoted to sensuous and luxurious lifestyle. So aesthetic education should not only put its emphasis on beauty, but especially on sublime.