简析西方结构主义语言学及其影响

Analyzing Western Structural Linguistics and Its Impact

索绪尔的《普通语言学教程》的出版标志着结构主义的开始。索绪尔最先提出了语言的"系统"概念,也就是语言学家们公认的"结构",开创了语言学研究的新时代,即结构主义语言学时代。结构主义从一种语言学理论演变成一股社会思潮,席卷了全世界,为人文、社会科学的各学科研究提供了一套全新的方法论。结构主义语言学产生的影响广泛而深刻。哲学、文艺学、心理学仅仅是三个具有代表性的接受了结构主义的学科。

The publication of Saussure＇s book A Course of General Linguistics symbolized the beginning of Structuralism. Saussure was the first person who put forward the concept of ＂systems＂ for linguistics, as most linguists later saw as ＂structures＂, which opened a new era of linguistics the era of structural linguistics. Structuralism developed from a theory of linguistics into a social trend of thought that swept over the whole world, providing a brand new research methodology for the various branches of humanities and social sciences. The impact generated by structural linguistics was deep and wide. Philosophy, literature ＆ art, and psychology are only three representatives of all sciences that had accepted structuralism.