亲子间家庭功能的知觉差异及其与青少年孤独感的关系

Relationships between Perceptual Differences of Family Functioning and Adolescent Loneliness

采用家庭功能评价量表(FAI),青少年孤独感问卷,对北京和西安的1325名初高中生及其父母进行调查。结果发现:(1)在家庭功能问卷的所有维度,亲子间知觉差异显著,青少年的知觉更消极;(2)在家庭功能的所有维度,男孩与父母的知觉差异均大于女孩与父母的差异;沟通维度父子间的差异大于母子差异,冲突与和谐维度母女间的差异大于父女间的差异;(3)不同知觉差异组青少年的孤独感差异显著,知觉差异水平与孤独感间呈线性关系;亲子间在冲突与和谐及父母关注维度的知觉差异可以显著预测青少年的孤独感。

1325 adolescents and their parents were assessed by the FAI and Loneliness Scale to examine the parent-offspring perceptual differences of family functioning and their relationships with adolescents＇ loneliness. The results show that：（ 1 ）Adolescents perceived more negative levels of family functioning than their parents in all subscales of FAI;（2）There were more perceptual differences （PDs） between boys and parents than girls, which were calculated as absolute differences between parent and child ratings in all subscales of family functioning; PDs between boys and parents were higher than between girls an parents; differences were greater between sons and fathers than between sons and mother in the communication subscale, and more differences between mothers and daughters than between fathers and daughters in the conflict and harmony subscale; （3）linear effects existed between PDs and loneliness, which indicates that significant differences existed between different PDs group, higher PDs would be linked to more loneliness, and low levels of PDs linked to fewer loneliness; PDs in the conflict and harmony, parental concern subscale could predict loneliness significantly.