审美概念理解对审美感性水平影响的实验探索

The Effect of Understanding of Aesthetic Feeling on Aesthetic Perceptual Level

通常认为审美理性对审美感性有消极影响。这至少对认知心理学和人工智能的研究与发展形成了一种障碍。本研究以审美概念理解作为审美理性活动的典型式,对二者的实际关系进行探索。实验对象分为A类普通被试和B类艺术专业被试。结果表明:无论是否通过专门的审美概念学习训练,实验组和对照组的审美概念理解与审美感性水平的发展都呈共同上升趋势;通过学习训练,审美概念理解程度有显著提高,且显著有助于AB两类被试审美感受总水平提高;审美概念理解的"合理性"(正确性与精确性)是对审美感性各因素影响的显著因子,而其"事实例举"对于审美感性中的审美感知、审美联想、审美情感等是显著因子。A类小学5年级被试的审美感知和审美情感、B类大学美术专业2年级被试的审美感知,实验前后无显著差异,这表明审美理性对审美感性所具有的积极影响,在一定条件下是有限的。

It is generally accepted that aesthetic reason has a negative impact on aesthetic feeling, which forms an obstacle to the study of cognitive psychology and artificial imelligence. This study aims at exploring the relations between understanding of aesthetic concept and aesthetically rational activity. The subjects included type A （non-arts majors） and type B （art majors）. The results indicated that the understanding of aesthetic concept and the level of aesthetic feeling of both the experimental group and the contrast group showed a trend of rising no matter whether the subjects had received training in aesthetic concept or not. This kind of learning and training did improve the subjects＂ understanding of aesthetic concept significantly and was helpful to improving the aesthetic perception of both types as a whole. And the correctness and accurateness of aesthetic concept understanding were two significant factors that affected all aspects in aesthetic feeling. Among these, fact illustration was a significant factor that influenced aesthetic perception, aesthetic ~ation and aesthetic feeling. There was no significant difference between type A subjects＇ aesthetic perception and aesthetic feeJing and type B subjects＇ aesthetic feeling factors before and after the test, which showed the positive effect of aesthetic reason on aesthetic feeling was limited.