抑郁的内隐认知与治疗

The Implicit Cognition and Treatment of Depression

认知模型认为抑郁个体存在认知加工的偏向,但是,相对于外显认知,抑郁的内隐认知研究较少。现有研究表明:抑郁个体沉迷于特定的内隐认知偏向:抑郁个体倾向于注意环境中的负性刺激;在概念驱动内隐记忆测验中表现出偏向;更可能呈现出无望感的内隐态度。内隐认知可能是抑郁个体维持抑郁的重要因素,在治疗中,可采用知觉内隐认知、扩展功能失调思维记录、记忆日志和增进注意控制等认知技术改变抑郁患者的内隐认知偏向。

Cognitive models maintain that depressed individuals demonstrate biases in information processing, but the implicit cognition of depression has been less studied than explicit cognition, Previous researches indicate that depressed individuals are preoccupied with specific biases of implicit cognition. In other words, depressed individuals are prone to attention to negative stimuli in the environment, biased in the conceptually driven implicit memory tasks and more likely to demonstrate implicit attitudes of hopelessness. Implicit cognition may be an important factor in the maintenance of depression, and thus, cognitive techniques such as awareness of implicit cognition, expansion of the dysfunctional thought record, memory diary and improving attention control can be applied to modifying implicit cognitive biases of depressed individuals.