探询:一种摆脱人生悲剧的可能——关于《红楼梦》主题的一种猜想

Inquiring: the Posibility of Getting Out of the Tragic Life——A Conjecture on the Theme of A Dream of Red Mansions

《红楼梦》的主题一直是红学研究中最让人头疼的问题之一,时代更迭、观念变迁乃至政治力量的此消彼长都直接或间接地影响着对这部传世经典的解读。但任何解读都只是对作品寓意的一种猜想,不求契合于作者原意,只求切合于文本实际。在此前提下,笔者试图运用米兰.昆德拉的小说理论对《红楼梦》重新作出解读:从米兰.昆德拉的小说展示的只是"可能的现实"这一观点出发,《红楼梦》探讨的或者只是"可能的现实",致力于追索的是一种"现实的可能"。同时,以此为切入点,进一步分析《红楼梦》中错综复杂的人物关系:书中人物皆成组出现,每一组人物的相互对照中都隐含着一种可能性(人的可能亦即人生的可能)的探讨。而所有的探讨都指向一个问题——哪种可能可以摆脱人生的悲剧?结论已不得而知,但正是在这最悲哀的绝望之中寄寓着作者对人生最深沉的爱恋。

The topic of A Dream of Red unscramble this novel again by Milan readers is that the realism may to be, Mansions is one of the questions argued for a long time. This article tries to Kundera＇ theory. As Milan Kundera has said, that a novel want to tell its so the author thinks the intention of CAO Xueqin maybe the same. By the analyses about relations among characters in the novel, the author concludes at last that CAO Xueqin implied the discussion about possibilities of the life by the contrasting among characters in the novel. And all the discussions try to find the key that how the people can get out of the tragic life forever, of course, nobody can reply this question, the novel do not find the solution, only the feeling of despair involved everybody and everything.