高空气球飞行对水稻、青椒的诱变效应(英文)

Mutation Effect of High Altitude Balloon Flight on Rice and Green Pepper Seeds

利用高空气球搭载水稻、青椒干种子。将其置于海拔３０～４０ｋｍ高空。飞行８ｈ后，回收并地面种植，观察其后代的生长、发育、结实、抗病性及品质等性状。水稻出现变异，与籼稻不育系杂交的粳稻恢复株，并且有良好杂种优势、结实率、种子的饱满度。青椒后代中选育了高产、抗病、果大、Ｖｃ含量高的品系。以上结果表明经高空气球搭载的绝大多数植物种子的后代是可以遗传的，且产生多种变异。可以作为一种新的诱变育种方法。

Dry seeds of rice and green pepper were carried in the basket of a high altitude balloon to 30～40 km for 8 h.The treated seeds were planted on the ground and characters of these seeds and their progenies, such as development, fruiting, disease resistence and were observed.The results showed that the SP 2 generation of the treated rice showed strong mutation.A Japonica male fertility restorer rice line was found out.It could be hybridized with sterile line of Indica rice, and their progeny had strong hybrid vigor,high setting percentage and good plumpness of grain.Disease resistance,high-yield, big-fruit and high vitamin C content strains were selected from the progenies of treated green pepper seeds.The above results indicated that the special conditions in high altitute could produce a variety of mutations and most of them are hereditable.Therefore,high altitude balloon flight can be used as a new method of mutation breeding.