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婴幼儿心脏术后急性肾功能衰竭的防治 被引量:7

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摘要 目的回顾22例婴幼儿心脏术后急性肾衰的治疗,探讨其理想的防治方法。方法2004年9月至2006年3月680例婴幼儿先心病术后22例急性肾衰,其中紫绀性复杂先心病20例,三尖瓣下移畸形1例,多发肌部室间隔缺损1例。年龄1周~6岁,体重3.2~21kg。确定急性肾衰的标准:①术后稀释性利尿期过后尿量逐渐减少,对小剂量利尿剂不敏感,连续3小时尿量<0.5ml/(kg.h);②血肌酐值>110μmol/L或超过基础值50%以上。我们采用术前改善心功能,术中减少灌注压过低及缩短手术时间,术后密切观察肾功能指标,避免应用肾毒性药物,重症者可于术后预防性放置腹膜透析管,预防肾衰发生。一旦发生肾衰,首先保证心功能及血容量正常,及时利用利尿剂及多巴胺,效果不明显可及早应用腹膜透析。结果本组22例术后急性肾衰治愈13例,死亡9例,其中4例为术后严重低心排性肾衰,术后实际肾衰死亡率为27.8%。结论①术前全面检查,术中术后积极预防肾衰对婴幼儿心脏手术有着重要的意义;②急性肾衰应尽早应用利尿药物及保护肾功能;③及时应用腹膜透析;④避免应用肾毒性药物。
出处 《医药论坛杂志》 2007年第12期30-31,共2页 Journal of Medical Forum
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