西北牧区灌溉人工草地适宜发展规模分析

Analysis of Development Scale of Irrigated Artificial Pasture in Western Pastoral Area

针对西北牧区水资源和草地资源已被超极限利用的现状,应用水草畜平衡原理,分析了西北牧区灌溉人工草地的发展规模,提出了西北牧区灌溉人工草地适宜发展规模为215.76～239.71万hm^2,载畜量控制在13833.18万羊单位之内即可实现草畜平衡,总体可达到人工种植冷季补饲水平。新增灌溉需水量约为71.85～83.55亿m^3,占2000年灌溉总用水量（777亿m^3）的9.25%～10.75%。解决这一灌溉需水量的可行途径是建设节水型社会,提高水资源利用效率。

In view of the current status of over-use of water resources and pasture resources in the western pastoral area, the development scale of irrigated artificial pasture in the western pastoral area was analyzed, based on water-grass-livestock equilibrium system principle, that the western pastoral area can reach grass-livestock balance and the standard of artificial planting for supplementary feeding in cold season was put forward provided that its irrigated artificial pasture is increased to 2. 1576-2. 3971million hm^2 and its livestock carrying capacity is limited within 138. 332 million sheep units. The extra irrigation water demand for the area will be 7. 185-8. 355 billion m^3 , accounting for 9.25%-10. 75% of the total irrigation water demands（77.7 billion m^3） in 2000. The feasible way to meet the extra irrigation water demand is increasing water use efficiency and constructing water-saving society.