白腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus amherstiae)的夜栖地选择

Roost-site selection of Lady Amherst’s pheasant

2005年4月～2006年9月,结合无线电遥测技术,采用系统搜索法和繁殖期跟踪法对四川石棉县栗子坪自然保护区白腹锦鸡的夜栖地选择进行了研究。共发现24个夜栖地。以夜栖树为中心做r=7.5m大样方,随机在其中做4个1m×1m和4个0.5m×0.5m小样方,测量乔木、灌木和草本植物的各项参数;做128个非活动区对照样方和258个日栖地样方,分别随机选取等量样方与夜栖地样方相比较。结果表明:白腹锦鸡夜栖地多在针阔混交林和针叶林中,栖树以针叶树为主,繁殖期内成对个体同树共栖的栖位距离较近,栖枝雄高雌低。影响白腹锦鸡夜栖地选择的主要因素依次为:地形、栖树、隐蔽条件和遮蔽特征。与对照样方相比,白腹锦鸡夜栖地选择较矮而疏的乔木和少量倒木的环境;与日栖地样方相比,选择较矮、疏和较低盖度灌木草本植物的环境,有一定的空间分离。

A study on the roost-site selection of Lady Amherst＇s pheasant was conducted by radio telemetry, systematic searching and tracking at the Liziping Nature Reserve, Shimian, Sichuan, China, from April 2005 to September 2006. At each of the totally 24 roost-sites which we found, a round quadrat with r = 7.5m was set. This was subdivided into four 1 m × 1 m quadrats by marking shrubs and four 0.5m × 0.5m quadrats by marking grasses. The variables of roost-trees, arbors, shrubs and grasses were recorded, and 24 no-used sites （chosen randomly from 128 samples ） and 24 day-habitat-sites （chosen randomly from 258 samples） were sampled as control. We analyzed the data of roost-sites by Principal Component Analysis, and compared differences between the roost-sites and the control samples by Independent Samples t-Test. The results showed that the pheasants preferred to roost in conifer trees, which are located mostly in conifer and conifer-broad-leaf mixed forests. Pairs of Lady Amherst＇s pheasants preferred to roost closely in the same tree with the male upper and the female underneath during the breeding period. With the PCA, we found that the roost-site was significantly affected topography, roost-tree, concealment and shielding conditions. Compared with no-used sites, the roost-sites had by the lower, sparser trees and fewer fallen wood environments; Also, compared with habitat-sites, the roost-sites had less-cover shrub- grass environments.