单缸机械-液压约束活塞发动机外特性仿真

External Characteristic Simulation of Single Cylinder Mechanical-hydraulic Confined Piston Engine

阐述了单缸轴向MHCPE的结构原理,建立了考虑系统液、固、气耦合的工作过程数学模型,给出了求解的初始条件,定义了MHCPE的液压能比率及“外特性”概念,并对研制的单缸轴向MHCPE的工作外特性进行了仿真。仿真结果显示:输出压力随着液压能比率增加明显升高,受转速变化影响较小;输出流量随转速增加先升高后降低,受液压能比率变化影响较小;转矩随着液压能比率降低明显升高,受转速变化影响不明显;燃油消耗率在转速和液压能比率较高时明显增加。总的有效功率随着液压能比率的升高,有轻微降低,转速较高时该趋势尤其明显。

Structural principle of single cylinder axial mechanical-hydraulic confined piston engine （MHCPE） was described. Its working process mathematical model considering fluid, solid and gas coupling was created, and initial solving condition was given also. By the definition of “external characteristic of MHCPE”, the external character simulation was carried out aiming at single cylinder axial MHCPE developed. The simulation results showed that, output pressure is obviously directly proportional to hydraulic energy ratio, but slightly be influenced by rotational speed; output flow increases firstly, decreases then as rotational speed increases, but slightly be influenced by hydraulic energy ratio; output torque is obviously inversely proportional to hydraulic energy ratio, but slightly be influenced by rotational speed; fuel consumption is very bad when rotational speed and hydraulic energy ratio is great; total effective work turns less slightly versus hydraulic energy ratio, and the trend is very obvious at high rotational speed.