水电站水库群防洪补偿联合调度模型研究及应用

Real time dynamic compensated storage control model for cascade reservoirs

针对具有下游防洪任务的水电站水库群,提出基于预报及库容补偿的水库群防洪补偿联合调度逐次渐进协调模型,推求水库汛期防洪库容动态控制方案。该模型运用了大系统分解协调理论及贝尔曼的逐步逼近思想,以各水库为独立的子系统建立3层递阶结构,针对库间水力、电力联系及防洪库容限制等复杂的约束条件进行不同层次的协调。模型经过多次迭代计算,得到最佳的水库群防洪库容协调方案。该模型应用于清江流域梯级水库,计算结果表明,在不降低水库及梯级原有的防洪标准前提下,能有效利用上游水布垭水库的防洪库容,分担隔河岩水库部分防洪任务,并显著提高梯级水库发电量。

The Successive Approximate Decomposition Coordination Model based on forecasting and reservoir storage compensation was developed-for flood control of cascade reservoirs. By using this model the dynamic control schemes of reservoir storage for flood control can be obtained. The model was consisted of two components： the compensative dispatch module for obtaining the optimal operation processes of all reservoirs with the suggested flood storage restricting the same iterative calculation and the flood storage module for calculating the allowable minimum flood storage of each reservoir according to the results of the others obtained from the results of the former module. The application to Qingjiang cascade hydropower plants shows that the proposed model can give the controlling rules for optimal dynamic flood storage and elevates the efficiency of reservoir system management and utilization of flood water.