小鼠精子获能及顶体反应过程中Ca^(2+)及Ca^(2+)-ATPase的研究

Ultrastructural Localization of Ca 2+ and Ca 2+ ATPase during Mouse Spermatozoa Capacitation and Acrosome Reaction

利用焦锑酸钾电镜定位细胞Ｃａ２＋的技术，及铅捕获法定位细胞Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ的技术，研究小鼠精子获能及顶体反应过程中Ｃａ２＋及Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ的变化，结果表明：获能前精子顶体囊外缘有Ｃａ２＋分布，顶体膨胀时，Ｃａ２＋消失，开始顶体反应时，顶体外膜，顶体囊泡及顶体后区有Ｃａ２＋分布，顶体反应后，仅顶体后区有Ｃａ２＋分布，精子尾部线粒体及轴丝始终有Ｃａ２＋分布。精子头部获能前有强的Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ阳性反应，获能后减弱直至消失，而尾部细胞膜则一直有Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ阳性反应。从结果推测：内源Ｃａ２＋为精子顶体反应的诱导物，外源Ｃａ２＋为精子顶体反应的维持物，而Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ则在顶体反应前出现。

Ca 2+ and Ca 2+ ATPase were localized by potassium pyroantimonate and lead ion capture technique respectively to study the changes of Ca 2+ and Ca 2+ ATPase during mouse sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction.The results showed that:Ca 2+ positive precipitation distribute at the outer edge of uncapacitated sperm acrosome;when sperm initiated capacitation,Ca 2+ positive precipitation disappeared from the outer edge of acrosome.During sperm capacitation,the outer acrosomal membrane,acrosomal vesicles and postacrosome area showed Ca 2+ positive precipitation.After sperm underwent acrosome reaction,the outer acrosomal membrane shed and inner acrosomal membrane exposed,it did not show Ca 2+ positive precipitation,but the postacrosome area showed Ca 2+ positive precipitation yet.The mitochodria and axoname showed Ca 2+ positive precipctation in whole process.The uncapacitated sperm showed very strong Ca 2+ ATPase positive reaction,and became weaker at last.But sperm tail showed Ca 2+ ATPase positive reaction at cytoplasma membrane and axoname before and after acrosome reaction.The results showed that:endogenous Ca 2+ is the inducer of acrosome reaction,exogenous Ca 2+ is the maintainer of it,and Ca 2+ ATPase pump out Ca 2+ from sperm.