不同生境中芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏性检测

Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacillus from Different Stuffs

为了给农业生产(发酵饲料、堆肥、污水处理)及微生态调节剂的制备提供前期理论依据和优良的微生物资源,本研究以土壤、饲料和肥料为材料,分离筛选出22株优良的芽孢杆菌菌株,按《伯杰氏细菌学鉴定手册》和芽孢杆菌特有的生理生化指标对其进行了初步鉴定,结果显示,其中的T-1为多粘类芽孢杆菌(Bacillu spaenibacillus polymyxa);T-2为桥石短芽孢杆菌(Bacillus choshinensis);T-6为软骨酸类芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paenibacilluschondroitinus);T-8为解淀粉类芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paenibacillus amyloyticus);S-4为饲料类芽孢杆菌(Bacilluspaenibacillus pabuli);S-6为哥本类芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paenibacillus kobensis)。其余的16株芽孢杆菌还有待于进一步鉴定。在此基础上,采用纸片琼脂扩散法测定了已鉴定出的6株芽孢杆菌对常用的12大类35种抗生素的药敏性。结果显示,分离自土壤、饲料及堆肥中的芽孢杆菌均对喹诺酮类、氨基糖甙类、大环内酯类和糖肽类抗菌素表现出敏感性,大部分对多肽类抗菌素表现出耐受性,其他抗菌素则在不同芽孢杆菌菌株间表现出差异性。

For the purpose of providing information and screening microorganism for agriculture production and microecologics production, 22 swains Bacillus isolated from soil, feedstuff and organic fertilizer were identifited according to the handbook of Berges bacteriology identification and their physiologic and biochemical test. The result demonstrate that, T-2, T-6, T-8, S-6, S- 4, T- 1 were Bacillus choshinensis, Bacillus paenibacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus paenibacillus amyloyticus, Bacillus paenibacillus kobensis, Bacillus paenibacillus pabuli, Bacillus paenibacillus polymyxa, respectively. The rest 16 strains Bacillus are on the study. On the basis, antibiotic susceptibility of the six Bacillus strains were detected to 35 antibiotics of 12 groups by the agar diffusion test. The results demonstrated that, all strains examined were sentive to quinoline group, aminoglycoside group, macrofide group and peptide group, and resistant to sulphonamide group, while showing different antibiotic susceptibility to the other antibiotics.