酶催化合成蔗糖酯研究进展

Research Progress of Enzyme-catalyzed Synthesis of Sucrose Esters

本文对蔗糖酯的酶促合成研究进行了总结,其中主要涉及到酶、反应媒介和酰基供体等影响因素。研究发现,蛋白酶、脂肪酶和抗体酶均能区域选择地酰化蔗糖。酶催化合成蔗糖酯通常在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和吡啶等有毒溶剂中进行。近几年来,使用混合溶剂或叔丁醇等毒性较小的溶剂代替毒性较大的溶剂,以及无溶剂条件下酶催化合成蔗糖酯的研究,也越来越受重视。活化酯作为酰基供体得到广泛的应用。

This article reviews the recent development in the sucrose ester＇s synthesis catalyzed by enzymes, namely those involving control over the enzyme, the reaction medium and the acyl donor. It was discovered that proteases, lipases and abzymes can be used for the regioselective acylation of sucrose. Enzymatic regioselective synthesis of sucrose ester is commonly carried out in dimethylformamide（DMF）, dimethylsulfoxide（DMSO）, pyridine and other solvents which are poisonous. In recent years, the studies on enzyme-cataiyzed regioselective synthesis under solvent-free conditions and on processes of the use of less harmful solvents such as mixtures of miscible solvents or tert-hutanol have been paid more attention. The activated esters have been used as the acyl donor widely.