论士人的心理构成对南宋词风的影响

On the Influence of the Scholars'Mental Composing upon Ci-Poem Style in Southern Song Dynasty

靖康之变,宋室南渡,社会的政治、经济、文化都发生了变化,士人的心理世界也随之生变。爱国主义精神、理性意识、闲逸心态共同建构了南宋士人的心理世界。词至南宋几乎为士人所独享,士人们的心灵世界无疑会直接影响到词风的形成。于是,在士人们旋律不一的复杂心态的影响下,豪放、风雅、疏狂成为南宋词坛的主要风格。从南渡词人张元干、朱敦儒、陈与义到中兴词人张孝祥、辛弃疾、陆游;江湖词人姜夔、吴文英;再到遗民词人周密、张炎,等等,这些南宋主要词人的作品无不或轻或重、或隐或显地呈现了这样的艺术风格。

With the incident of Jinkang, the Song royalty＇s moving to the south, various changes happened to politics, economy and the social culture. And the scholars＇ mental world also changed accordingly. The patriotism spirit, the reasonable consciousness and carefree mind constituted the mental world of scholars in the Southern Song Dynasty. Till the Southern Song Dynasty, ci-poem had been almost enjoyed only by scholars. Scholar＇ s mental world would undoubtedly affect the formation of ci-poem style. Hence, under the influence of different melody and complicated mindset of the scholars, the main style of ci-poem had became bold and unconstrained, elegant, careless and wild in the Southern Song Dynasty.