澜沧江自然保护区周边社区林业现状及发展对策

Study on Current Status of Community Forestry in Surrounding Area of Lancangjiang Nature Reserve and Corresponding Development Strategies

应用农村快速评估方法,对自然保护区内及周边土地利用、社区林业现状、资源传统利用与管理方式、保护区现行管理体系及与周边社区的关系作了全面系统地调查.结果显示:保护区周边群众对森林资源的依赖性高、利用方式多样,但利用率低、资源浪费和消耗严重,周边社区参与保护区管理的能力低,随保护力度加大和经济技术的发展,各民族人民在建房用材上对森林资源的依赖呈现逐步降低的趋势.引入社区林业理论,提出改进保护区管理的方法,提高周边社区参与保护区管理的意识,将保护区管理与乡村群众的经济条件改善结合起来是实现保护区有效管理的途径之一.

An overall and systematic investigation was carried out by means of participatory rural appraisal methods on land utilization inside the Lancangjiang Nature Reserve and in the surrounding area. The current status of community forestry, the traditional utilization and management approaches of the natural resources, the present institutional system of the nature reserve management and relationship among the reserve management institute, local governments and the communities were also investigated. The results are as follows： The residents in the peripheral area of the nature reserve were heavily dependent on the forest resource by diverse types of utilization, the consumption was intense and the waste of the resources was evident because of the poor utilization efficiency. The capacity of the peripheral communities to participate the management of the nature reserve was quite low. The dependence on forest resources for building materials by the ethnic minority residents living in the surrounding area was gradually decreasing along with the development of technology and local economy. It was proposed that one of the effective approaches for the nature reserve management was to integrate the reserve management objectives with improvement of the living standard of local people by introducing the theories and principles of the community forestry to improve the reserve management and to promote the participatory consciousness of the reserve management.