地球物理弱磁测量仪器进展

Progress in Magnetometer for Weak Signal Survey,

利用弱磁测量仪器可以实现航空磁测、磁卫星探测 ,以及油气藏、地热、煤田、古地磁和考古等微弱磁性参量的测量。弱磁测量技术及仪器是现代磁法勘探不可缺少的技术手段 ,而高精度磁法勘探技术的发展又对弱磁测量提出了更高的要求 ,二者互相促进、互相依存、不断发展。从 5 0年代末至今 ,经过三十多年的努力 ,我国的弱磁测量仪器有了较大的进展 ,灵敏度提高了几个数量级 ,仪器的种类也从质子旋进式 ,发展有磁通门式、光泵式、感应式和超导磁测等几大类。随着高温超导技术的兴起与迅速发展 ,高温超导弱磁测量仪器的研制正在趋于实用化。弱磁测量仪器的研究具有高技术密集、难度大、投资大等特点 ,高精度磁测仪器的进展将为地球物理探测提供更丰富、更准确的信息 ,为磁法 (包括电磁法 )

Magnetometers for weak survey can be used for aeromagnetic survey,magnetic satellite survey and magnetic parameter measurement of oil gas deposits,geothermics,coalfields,paleomagnetic and archaeological study.Techniques and instruments for weak magnetic signal survey are essential tools and means for modern magnetic exploration.The development of high precision magnetic exploration methods puts forward a still higher demand for very weak magnetic signal test.Great progress is made in our country.The sensitivity of the instrument has been raised to a great extent,and the types of magnetometers have been developed from neutron turning magnetometer to fluxgate,optical pumping,inductor and superconductive(SQUID) magnetometer.As the rise and rapid development of high Tc superconductivity techniques,the high Tc SQUID magnetometers tend to be applied in practice.The study on high precision magnetometer is intensive in high technology,sophisticated to implement and expensive in investment.The progress of it will provide rich and accurate information for geophysical propecting and open up new fields for magnetic exploration.