“便宜行事”与中央集权——以南宋川陕宣抚处置司的运行为中心

The Empowered Right to Settle Disputes(Bianyi xingshi) and the Centralization of the Governmental Power:Centered on the Administrative Operation of Sichuan-Shannxi Xuanfuchu zhisi in Southern Song Dynasty

建炎三年五月至绍兴三年,南宋在川陕地区设置宣抚处置司,以张浚为川陕宣抚处置使,赋予川陕宣抚处置司“便宜行事”的权力,导致地方权力强大,触及中央集权统治。川陕宣抚处置司“便宜”之权的授予、运作、废除的过程,为我们提供了一个认识南宋中央集权体制下地方行政运行的绝佳个案,从中展现出了南宋中央与地方之间权力互动的演变轨迹。

Since the fifth month of the third year in Jianyan to the third year Song government set up the Sichuan-Shanrtxi Xuanfuchu zhisi （ 川陕宣抚处置司 ） as the head of the putes according to of Shaoxing, the Southern and appointed Zhang Jun Xuanfuchu zhishi （川陕宣抚处置使） and authorized Zhang Jun the power of settling disreality （ Bianyi xingshi）. In this period, the Sichuan-Shanrtxi Xuanfuchu zhisi appointed officials, issued currency, awarded gold etc. The Bianyi xingshi of the Sichuan-Shannxi Xuanfuchu zhisi strengthened the local power and affected the centralization of the governmental power. So the Southern Song government took many measures to restrain the power of the Sichuan-Shannxi Xuanfuchu zhisi, Zhang Jun recalled and the power of Bianyi xingshi abolished. The process of authorizing, practicing and abolishing of the power of Bianyi xingshi is a good example that can help study the local administrative operation in the system of government centralization, and help understand the relationship between the Southern Song central government and its local power.