清代呼和浩特地区社会救济事业初探

On the Social Rescue Work of Huhhot during the Period of Qing Dynasty

清代呼和浩特地区因政治、经济和自然灾害等原因,出现了穷苦蒙古、鳏寡孤独者和大量灾民。为此,朝廷通过建立仓储、蠲免赋税、分配土地、建立养济院等措施,防范和化解了土默特蒙古的生存危机,维护了社会的稳定与发展,也为当今的社会救济事业提供了一定历史借鉴与启示。

There appeared a large number of poor Mongolians, the victims of a natural calamity and some people who had no kins and could not support themselves during the period of Qing Dynasty in Huhhot. To solve these problems, the Qing court took some methods to build storages, reduce taxes, allot land and build poorhouses and so on. The methods kept away the existing crisis of Tamed Mongolians and maintained stabilization and development of society. The methods also provided the social rescue work with references and apocalypses.