两种经济理论:大众文化研究的新视野——基于约翰·费斯克理论的分析

Two Economic Theories: A New Perspective for the Study of Popular Culture——Based on the analysis of John Fiske's Theory

费斯克关于两种经济的理论,即文化产品可以同时在两种同时存在、但并不相同的经济即金融经济和文化经济中流通,两种经济运载着两种不同的内容:金融经济流通的是财富,而文化经济则流通着意义、快感和社会认同。这一理论引发了关于大众文化的一系列新的思考方式:大众是"消费者"还是"生产者"?大众文化是文化工业的产物还是大众创造?意识形态是自上而下操纵还是也遭遇到了自下而上的抵抗?

Fiske ＇ s theory of two economies means cultural products can circulate in two different and coexistent economies, i. e. , financial and cultural economies, which convey two different meanings： financial economy circulates wealth while cultural economy circulates significance, pleasure and social identity. The theory brings about a series of new ways of thinking about popular culture： are the masses＂consumers＂ or ＂producers＂？ Is it the creation of cultural industry or masses？ Does the ideology control from the upper lever to the lower level or meet with resistance from the lower level to the upper level？