论“词”、“辞”类异形词的历史与现状——兼评《现代汉语词典》与《现代汉语规范词典》的规范化处理

History and reality of ci (词) vs.ci (辞) type of heteromorphemes:Standardization in The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (《现代汉语词典》) and A Dictionary of Standard Contemporary Chinese(《现代汉语规范词典》)

本文主要讨论了收入《现代汉语词典》(第5版)的24组现代汉语"词"、"辞"类异形词。这些异形词的形成是历史积淀的结果,有很强的历史传承性。早期和后期的《现代汉语词典》对这些词语的处理分别符合词汇史理据和现代汉语的词频,它坚持的是一种动态的规范观。《现代汉语规范词典》的某些处理不符合语言事实。本文对进一步规范"词"、"辞"类异形词提出了建议。

This paper discusses 24 pairs of heterom0rphemes in the type of ci(词)vs.ci(辞) listed in The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary(fifth edition),which is a consequence of historical evolution.Treatment of these heteromorphemes in the earlier editions of The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary focused on the motivation of lexical history while the more recent editions emphasize the word frequency of Contemporary Chinese.Both approaches assume a view of dynamic standardization.Some of the treatments in the A Dictionary of Standard Contemporary Chinese,however,fail to reflect the linguistic reality in this sense. This paper also proposes some ways of treating such heteromorphemes.