修井起下作业中的油管机械化排放问题

Mechanized tubing handling in well servicing

分析了油田修井起下作业设备的现状，提出油管排放是实现修井起下作业机械化的一大难题，应先解决目前广泛应用的通井机作业的油管排放问题，即研制与通井机配套的油管排放装置，形成一个初步的修井作业机械化配套体系，再设计车装式综合机械化修井机的油管排放装置。在分析了油管排放过程中的难点后认为，油管水平排放比较适宜，所用排放装置可以在不作大的改动下与现行通井机配套使用，且成本低。为此，提出了简易吊运式、自动排放式、分体组合式和多层排放式等四种油管排放装置设计方案，供油田使用和设计者参考。

The current status of the equipment used in well-pulling service is analyzed, and it is indicated that the tubing placing is a big block on the way to the system mechanization of running and pulling operation. The tubing placing problem in the operation of the tractor hoist should be solved first, and thereby a primary mechanized system for well servicing is established. Based on this system, the tubing handling unit for the truck-mounted comprehensive mechanized workover rig can be designed. After an analysis of the difficulties in the tubing handling, it is thought that the horizontal placing is preferable because the handling unit used can be matched with the existing tractor hoist without large changes and the cost is low. Thereafter four design schemes for tubing handling, including simple tricing and placing, automatic placing, scattered and composed placing and multilayer placing, are presented.