人力资本对经济增长影响的结构分析

A Structural Analysis of the Human Capital's Contribution to Economic Growth

研究经济增长中人力资本作用机制仅考虑数量因素是不够的,结构因素不容忽视。本文尝试把结构因素引入人力资本分析框架,认为人力资本投资本质也是投资主体的需求决策过程,存在着类似于马斯洛式层次结构关系,提出了基于不同投资层次下的4种人力资本结构类型的理论假说。在此基础上运用1992～2003年省面板数据进行了实证检验,结果表明,人力资本的投入对我国经济增长虽具显著意义,但作用机制并不很强,人力资本存量不足和结构层次低下是其直接因素,而人力资本结构因素对沿海与内地发展差距更具深层解释力。

Besides the quantity faction, the structure faction must be more considered on the study of human capital＇s contribution to the economy growth. This paper tries to introduce the structure factor to human capital analysis frame. The author thinks that the human capital investment is also people＇s demand decision of investment in essence, and exists a kind of structure relation similar to The Maslow-Demand theory, proposing four kinds of human capital structure types based on the different investment level. Finally, a real diagnosis research using 29 provinces＇ 1992--2003 panel data indicates that, although the human capital investment to economy growth has the remarkable significance, function mechanism certainly is less strong, while insufficiency of the human capital storage quantity as well as the lower structure level may be the direct factor. Furthermore, the human capital structure factor has the in-depth explanation to the development- gay between the coastal area and the inland area.