中国高等教育投资的个人负担研究

Research on Individual Burden of China's Higher Education Investment

本文从经济学角度对中国高等教育个人投资的性质进行了分析,对中国城镇和农村居民个人投资于高等教育的回报率等进行了定量测算,并对城镇和农村居民家庭按收入等级进行高等教育投资的能力进行了研究。得到的结论是,中国目前个人高等教育投资具有较高的内部收益率和净现值回报率,而且农村居民个人高等教育个人投资的回报率高于城镇居民。本文认为,从投资效益角度看,中国当前的高等教育学费并不高,但是由于收入差距较大,农村60%以上的家庭和城镇40%以上的家庭在支付高等教育学费方面面临困难。从建设和谐社会和高等教育具有较大外部性两个角度看,政府应该加大对低收入家庭子女进入大学的支持力度。

The article analyses the character of individual investment of higher education by economic point of view, measures individual investment return in higher education for both city and country inhabitants, and studies ability which city and country inhabitants invest in higher education by the households＇ income ranks. The article concludes that both IRR and NPV of individual investment are high, and individual investment return in higher education is higher for country inhabitants than that for city inhabitants. So, the article considers that China＇s higher education tuition standard is not high by investment return at present. Because of income gap, there is difficulty in paying higher education tuition for above both 60 percent of country households and 40 percent of city households. For building harmonious society and being positive externalities in higher education, the government should enhance supportive degree for low income households＇ children to enroll in colleges, and the article gives relevant policy suggestions.