精神分裂症患者面孔情绪认知特点及其影响因素研究

A study on characteristics and correlative factors of facial emotion recognition in schizophrenics

目的探讨精神分裂症患者面孔情绪认知的特点及其影响因素。方法采用中国人面孔情绪测验(CFET)对121例精神分裂症患者进行测试,与76名正常对照比较,同时作阳性症状量表(SAPS)和阴性症状量表(SANS)评定。结果患者组6种基本情绪认知正确数均显著低于对照组,远隔错误数均显著高于对照组。回归分析显示,患者情绪认知障碍与年龄、用药情况、病程、住院次数及SAPS和SANS总评分无关,而受教育年限与情绪认知正确数和远隔错误数评分及多项不同情绪认知评分相关。SAPS阳性思维形式障碍因子分与CFET正确数总分呈负相关,而与CFET远隔错误数总分呈正相关,同时与惊、悲、怒情绪认知评分呈相关。SANS的注意障碍因子分与CFET正确数总分呈负相关,而与CFET远隔错误数总分呈正相关。结论精神分裂症患者存在广泛的情绪认知障碍并与某些症状相关,提示情绪认知障碍可能与疾病病理生理过程有关。

Objective To test the hypothesis that schizophrenics might be impaired in the recognition of facial emotions and further explore the factors related to the impairment. Methods One hundred twenty-one schizophrenics and seventy-six healthy subjects were tested by the Chinese Facial Emotion Test （CFET）. All the patients were rated on the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms （SAPS） and the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms （SANS）. Results Schizophrenics had less correct numbers and more remote error numbers in recognizing the six basic types of emotion than the controls. Regression analysis showed that the impairment of facial emotion recognition was not related to age, subtype of diagnosis, duration of illness, number of admission and overall severity of negative and positive symptoms, but had some relation to education. The score of the positive thinking form disorder subscale of SAPS had a negative effect on the total correct numbers of CFET, and a positive effect on the total remote error numbers of CFET, and also showed some correlation with the scores of surprise, sad and angry subscales of the CFET, respectively. The score of attention disorder subscale of SANS had a negative effect on the total correct numbers of CFET, and a positive effect on the remote error numbers of CFET. Conclusions Schizophrenics had a general impairment of facial emotion recognition, which was related to some symptoms, suggesting that impairment of facial emotion recognition might be associated with pathophysiological processes of the illness.