中国普通小麦品种醇溶蛋白组成分析

Allelic Diversity of Gliadins in Chinese Common Wheat

利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)方法,鉴定分析了148份我国重要小麦品种和高代品系的醇溶蛋白组成。在ω-、γ-、β-和α-四个区中,共鉴定出48种不同的组成模式。其中ω-区29种,出现频率最高的模式是A6;γ-区9种,出现频率最高的模式是B;β-和α-区各5种,出现频率最高的模式分别是B和A。148个样品共表现出114种醇溶蛋白组成类型。在所分析的样品中,ω-区的A3、C、H、M和X几种模式是以前国内外未曾报道的。另外还发现,1 B L.RS易位系在中国小麦品种中出现的频率较高,为41.2%,这可能是中国小麦品种品质普遍较差的一个原因。这些研究结果将为小麦育种工作者有效利用小麦种质提供参考。

The electrophoretic banding patterns of gliadin in common wheat cultivars and advanced lines derived from Chinese were determined by acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. For the 148 leading commercial cultivars and promising advanced lines used in our study, 48 different patterns were identified, 29 corresponding to the ω -gliadin ,9 to the γ-gliadin ,5 to the β-gliadin and 5 to the α -gliadin. The most frequent patterns were A6 into ;B in γ;B in β and A in the region of α. The 148 samples had 114 band types. The gliadin patterns of Chinese wheat cultivars and lines greatly differed from the patterns of wheat lines from other countries. Several patters A3, C, H, M and X in ω -zone had not been reported before in the world. In addition, the frequencies of 1 BL. 1 RS translation are very high （41.2%） , this may be a reason for poor-quality of most Chinese wheat cultivars. This information can be used in breeding programs to maintain genetic diversity with Chinese wheat germplasm. Figl, Tab 3, Ref 24,