10000m^3原油储罐塌陷事故的原因分析

Analysis on the Rupture Accident of a 10 000 m^3 Oil Tank

现场调查了一座10 000 m^3立式拱顶钢罐蒸罐期间发生的罐顶塌陷事故。调查和分析结果表明,此次塌陷事故有三个方面的原因:①油罐投产前曾受过烈火灼烤,其材料性能发生变化,抗弯刚度降低;②油罐在事故当天受暴风雨袭击,迎风面在风力作用下产生凹陷;③在蒸罐过程中,罐温因受雨水冲刷而骤降,罐内形成负压,负压值超过了极限值。为防止此类事故,提出了三项措施,认为有必要补充和完善有关油罐清洗方面的行业规范。

A site investigation has been made on the rupture accident of a 10 000 m3 vertical vault oil tank (the roof ruptured during flusing with vapour). The investigative and analytical results show that there are three main causes for the rupture accident: (1) the tank suffered from a raging fire before commissioning, which made the material performance change and made bending rigidity reduce;(2) the tank's windward side ruptured in the rainstorm;(3) a subatmospheric pressure formed when the tank's temperature suddenly fell in the rainstorm during heating the tank with vapoure,and the subatmospheric pressure exceeded the limitation. Three measures are put forward in order to protect against the accident,and it is considered that it is necessary to implement and improve the industry standards concerned in tank cleaning.