蝗总科精子超微形态比较及其在系统分类上的意义(直翅目)

A COMPARISON OF ACRIDOIDEA SPERM AND ITS IMPORTANT SIGNIFICATION IN TAXONOMY

通过对８科１９属２３种蝗虫精子超微形态结构的观察和比较，发现其精子有４种类型。这４种类型精子间的主要差异反映在中心粒侧体及线粒体衍生体的超微形态结构方面。经过比较和分析，确认８科中癞蝗科种类（除友谊华癞蝗外）的精子最原始，斑腿蝗科、斑翅蝗科、网翅蝗科、槌角蝗科、剑角蝗科（除中华蚱蜢外）种类的精子最进化。根据精子的演化类型建立了蝗总科精子系统。

The spermatids and spermatozoa of 23 species of grasshoppers ,belonging to the families Pamphagidae, Chrotogonidae, Pyrgomorphidae, Catantopidae, Oedipodidae, Arcypt eridae,Gomphoceridae and Acrididae, are described and compared in the present paper. The sperms of these grasshoppers can be grouped under four types according to the fundamental characteristics of the centriolar adjuncts and the mitochondrial derivatives. Two primitive types of sperms exist in Pamphagidae because of the 1arge and flat mitochondrial derivatives ,and without any longtudinal cristae. The centriolar adjuncts are different from each other. One is made up several laminae embracing a few cylidrical or slightly flat fibres, another possess only multilaminar complex in cross section. Chrotogonidae and Pyrgomorphidae own the same sperm type, whose centriolar adjuncts consist of an out lamina embracing cylindrical fibres,and the longitudinal cristae appear in the mitochondrial derivatives . Catantopidae, Oedipodidae, Arcypteridae, Gomphoceridae and Acrididae share a common evolutionary sperm type whose centriolar adjuncts contain a series of concentric juxtaposed laminae,and the mitochondrial derivatives crossed by 1-4 longitudinal cristae are almost triangular or mushroom. On the basis of the above analysis, a sperm system consisting of three groups covering 8 families of Acridoidea is suggested in order to reflect the whole evolutionary tendency. Indubitably, Pamphagidae with group Ⅰ appears to be more primitive. GroupⅢ containing Catantopidae, Oedipodidae, Arcypteridae, Gomphoceridae and Acrididae is highest in evolutionary position. Pyrgomorphidae and Chrotogonidae is situated between group I and group Ⅲ.