锦鸡儿属植物幼茎及叶的解剖结构及其生态适应性

ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES OF YOUNG STEMS AND LEAVES OF SOME CARAGANA SPECIES WITH THEIR ECOLOGICAL ADAPTABILITIES

对采自我国的５种锦鸡儿属植物的幼茎及８种锦鸡儿属植物的叶片进行了解剖学观察和研究，结果表明这５种锦鸡儿的幼茎具有相同结构，其特征是具皮层纤维束（５—７束），周皮层发达。叶片的解剖结构与生态环境有关，森林和草原种的旱生结构不如高原荒漠种发达，差异主要在于有无下皮层、海绵组织与栅栏组织分化程度及单宁含量等方面。以川西锦鸡儿为代表的高寒荒漠种在解剖结构上的特化，表明长期对高寒生境的适应，促使其更为强烈地分化出旱生结构。

We deal with the anatomy of young stems and leaves of some Caragana species, the results are as follows: the young stems of all five observed species are identical in general structure, which have the characteristics of 5-7 cortical strands of fibers and developed periderm, in accordance with those of some other species by previous reports. The structure differences of leaves of eight observed species are mainly in the following aspects: with or without hypoderm, differential degrees of palisade and spongy tissue, and quantities of tanniniferous contents in mesophyll. The specialization of anatomical structure in Caragana erinacea, a species of high altitude representatives of Xizang (Tibet) and Sichuan, reflects the adaptation to special habitat of high altitude and cold, and this enables a plant to differentiate strongly into xeromorphic structure. Therefore, it is of obvious significance in ecological adaptability.